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Nouns That Can Only Be Plural

The idea for this list is courtesy of the inestimable Billy Frolick.

Some nouns in English are always plural.  Can we add to this list?

pants (also slacks, trousers, pantaloons, shorts, etc.)

scissors

pliers

pajamas

The standard explanation for this phenomenon is that these are things that essentially have two parts.  Yet we talk intelligibly about the buttock.  (Too intelligibly, some might say.)  What’s the diff?  Is it more “things with legs” than “things with two parts”? No, apparently, because, courtesy of Prof. T.F.T., here’s:

thanks (the noun)

heebie-jeebies

fantods

congratulations

Kudos to Caitlin for:

coveralls

tights

tweezers

tongs

binoculars

glasses

It has been suggested that the principle involved in most of these nouns isn’t “things with legs” but “things with crotches,” or whatever you want to call the thing that joins the two “legs.”  One doesn’t want to think of glasses as having a crotch.  I don’t, anyway.  Still, that doesn’t explain thanks and congratulations.  Also

kudos

A Hatlo hat tip to B. Frolick for

oodles

scads

alms

(Oddly, “lots” doesn’t work, because you can have a lot of something.  But you can’t have an oodle or a scad, which is just as well, since it sounds like part of a bad song lyric.)

From Katharine Weber, whose terrific novel True Confections has just come out, these excellent additions:

mathematics

gallows

headquarters

news

barracks

crossroads

series

species

economics

dregs

(I’m not sure, though, about “species” and “crossroads.”  Can’t something be a  specie? Can’t a road be a crossroad?)

Late-breaking bulletin on “kudos”

Many thanks to Siri Gottlieb, who points out that “kudos” is not plural. It is a Greek word meaning honor, glory or acclaim, and is singular.
Correct: Much kudos to you for pulling it off.
Incorrect: Many kudos to you for pulling it off.

In other words, there’s no such word as “kudo.”

Of course, you can find dictionaries (such as the Online Webster’s) that legitimize “kudo.”  Let’s face it, dictionaries will inevitably legitimize anything, including “incredulous” for “incredible,” and that’s only right (she said manfully), English being a living, organic thing, and blah blah blah.  Still at the end of the day you have to pick a dictionary and stick with it.  My own Ultimate Authority is the Merriam-Webster’s Unabridged Second Edition, which, it turns out, does not recognize “kudo.”  So I won’t either. 

I love the Second. You can keep your Oxford; the Second is the dictionary of the American language. In time, the two of us will sink for good beneath the waves, our pages floating free, but right now we’re still afloat (barely).

Thanks, Siri! 

By the way, here’s a nice page considering this topic, connecting kudos to peas and cherries:

http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/000507.html

7 Comments

  1. Continuing in the “things with legs” vein:
    jeans
    shorts
    trousers
    (although all three of these, when used in a compound noun become singular, as in jean-skirt, short-skirt (now “skort”) and trouser-press)
    Also, thanks and congratulations seem to always be plural, tho I am not sure why, since they have no legs. :)

    Tuesday, December 8, 2009 at 1:51 pm | Permalink
  2. Meg Baker wrote:

    More plural nouns:

    cattle
    mail

    And yet some are determinedly singular:

    hair
    moose

    I might add that cattle is the only generic word I can come up with for cows and bulls together, which has always frustrated me since it seems to refer to the meat version, but not the dairy variety. Why isn’t there a generic form like sheep, goats, chickens, turkeys, etc? Are there other animal words like this?

    Tuesday, December 8, 2009 at 4:35 pm | Permalink
  3. Jincy wrote:

    I think cattle is a collective noun, like sheep, or populace…

    What I’m looking for are nouns that end in “s” and can only be plural. The point is that if a plural ends in “s” it should logically be able to lose the “s” and be singular. But you can’t do that with pants, scissors, and thanks.

    Hi, Meg!!

    Tuesday, December 8, 2009 at 4:41 pm | Permalink
  4. Caitlin wrote:

    Hmm–interesting!

    I can think of a few other “things with two parts”-type words: binoculars, glasses.

    More “things with legs”: tights, nylons, coveralls.

    Other pointy scissors/pliers-like things: tweezers, tongs.

    I can’t think offhand of others in the thanks/congratulations vein, but I’m going to ponder!

    Tuesday, December 8, 2009 at 9:40 pm | Permalink
  5. Jincy wrote:

    Thanks for binoculars, glasses, coveralls, tweezers, tongs, and tights. Not sure about nylons, though. I can imagine the singular of “nylons” being used, as in, “Nylons are cheaper than pantyhose, because if you get a run in one nylon, you can always substitute another.”

    Wednesday, December 9, 2009 at 10:52 am | Permalink
  6. I read your book review in the NYT and sought you out on the internet. I’m a newcomer to this delicious site. Just feel I should mention, though, that “kudos” is not plural. It is a Greek word meaning honor, glory or acclaim, and is singular.
    Correct: Much kudos to you for pulling it off.
    Incorrect: Many kudos to you for pulling it off.
    Most people aren’t aware of this, but it never hurts to do it right.

    Friday, January 22, 2010 at 7:32 pm | Permalink
  7. habeas corpus (just kidding)

    Friday, February 5, 2010 at 4:00 pm | Permalink

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